Everything about Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Adolf Von Baeyer totally explained
» This article is about the Nobel Prize winning German chemist, for the founder of the pharmaceutical company Bayer, please see: Friedrich Bayer
Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Adolf von Baeyer (;
October 31,
1835 -
August 20,
1917) was a
German chemist who synthesized
indigo,} and was the 1905 recipient of the
Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Born in
Berlin, he initially studied
mathematics and
physics at
Berlin University before moving to
Heidelberg to study
chemistry with
Robert Bunsen. There he worked primarily in
August Kekulé's laboratory, earning his doctorate (from Berlin) in 1858. He followed Kekulé to the University of Ghent, when Kekulé became professor there. He became a lecturer at the Berlin Trade Academy in
1860, and a Professor at the
University of Strassburg in 1871. In 1875 he succeeded
Justus von Liebig as Chemistry Professor at the
University of Munich.
Baeyer's chief achievements include the synthesis and description of the plant
dye indigo, the discovery of the
phthalein dyes, and the investigation of
polyacetylenes,
oxonium salts,
nitroso compounds (1869) and
uric acid derivatives (1860 and onwards) (including the discovery of
barbituric acid (1864), the parent compound of the
barbiturates). He was the first to propose the correct formula for
indole in 1869, after publishing the first synthesis three years earlier. His contributions to
theoretical chemistry include the 'strain' (
Spannung) theory of
triple bonds and
strain theory in small
carbon rings.
In 1872 he experimented with
phenol and
formaldehyde, almost preempting
Leo Baekeland's later discovery of
Bakelite.
In 1881 the
Royal Society of London awarded Baeyer the
Davy Medal for his work with indigo. In 1905 he was awarded the
Nobel Prize in Chemistry "in recognition of his services
in the advancement of organic chemistry and the chemical industry, through his work on organic dyes and hydroaromatic compounds".
Baeyer's name is pronounced like the English word "buyer." His birth name was Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Adolf Baeyer, but throughout most of his life he was known simply as "Adolf Baeyer." On his fiftieth birthday he was raised to the hereditary nobility, changing his name to "Adolf von Baeyer."
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